
The skin is comprised of 3 layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous (fat) tissue. As we get older, the epidermis and dermis become thin and the subcutaneous layer decreases, causing the skin to lose its plumpness and smoothness.
Lines and wrinkles start to form due to a decrease in elastin fibres, which give the skin strength, elasticity, and collagen.
Ageing of the skin results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While we can't do much about our genes, we can give our skin a fighting chance against premature ageing by reducing environmental risks and combining internal and external skin care.
One of the main causes of premature skin ageing is sun exposure. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes changes to the skin. More than 80 per cent of the damage on an ageing face is from photodamage, which occurs from overexposure to the sun and other elements such as the wind.
Prevent ageing by remembering to ‘slip, slop, slap' when going out into the sun.
Smoking is also another major factor in premature skin ageing. Smoking narrows the blood vessels, impairs blood flow to your skin and depletes it of oxygen and nutrients. Smoking also damages collagen and elastin causing the skin to sag and wrinkle prematurely.
A healthy diet rich in essential nutrients is imperative to maintain the health and appearance of the skin.
Antioxidants may prevent signs of premature ageing by minimising free radical damage:
Protein from foods such as fish, legumes, raw nuts and seeds is important as it helps to build and repair the skin.
Essential fatty acids (omega-3s) from oily fish are necessary to keep the skin supple and prevent dryness.
Water comprises 70% of the dermis. Drinking water is essential to keep the skin hydrated and looking fresh.
Plant extracts can help to arrest the signs of ageing and maintain the health of our skin: